Overview of rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis is a long-term (chronic) disorder of the joints that affects multiple joints of the body causing pain, stiffness and swelling in the affected joints. This gradually progressing disorder leads to the reduction of the normal functioning of the joints and limited mobility. It affects about 0.5–1% of the adults worldwide and is seen more commonly in women.¹ Rheumatoid arthritis usually affects adults between the ages 30 and 50 years. If left untreated, individuals may become unable to perform any work within about 3 years from the diagnosis.²      

Causes of rheumatoid arthritis

Causes of rheumatoid arthritis

The exact cause of rheumatoid arthritis, which gradually destroys the bone and the surrounding tissues of the affected joint are not known. A complex interaction between the environmental factors and hereditary    

Risk Factors for rheumatoid arthritis

Risk factors of rheumatoid arthritis

Some of the risk factors that have been associated with increased incidence of the disorder include family history of rheumatoid arthritis, female gender, middle or old age, smoking and at times, increased coffee   
Read more about the

Signs and Symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis

signs of rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis is characterised by stiffness and swelling one or multiple joints simultaneously. The affected joints are painful and the individual can perform only restricted movements. Although the disorder  

Diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis

The diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis is based on: the signs and symptoms noticed; family and personal history of the individual and certain laboratory investigations. The same joint of both the hands and legs (bilateral joint involvement) such as the wrists, elbows, knees or ankles are affected and are painful. Certain specialized blood tests to identify the specific factors such as rheumatoid factor and alterations in the blood cells that are associated with the disorder are generally advised. Radiographs of the affected joints are also helpful in identifying the bone loss caused due to this disorder.²

Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

There is no cure for rheumatoid arthritis. However, the associated symptoms and the rate of progression of the disorder can be effectively treated. Numerous treatment modalities are being advised to alleviate the signs  
Read more about the

Alternative Therapy

Various alternative therapies such as diet modifications, physiotherapy, spa therapies (relaxing bathing and massaging techniques), educating the affected individual about the condition and exercise have been found to have a beneficial effect. It is necessary to discuss with the doctor about these options before undergoing any of the alternative therapies. Other options such as herbal medications and acupuncture though found to be helpful have not been substantiated by many researchers. Surgery may be required in some instances wherein the symptoms are severe and the movement is highly restricted.^2,4