Rheumatoid arthritis is a long-term (chronic) disorder of the joints that affects multiple joints of the body causing pain, stiffness and swelling in the affected joints. This gradually progressing disorder leads to the reduction of the normal functioning of the joints and limited mobility. It affects about 0.5–1% of the adults worldwide and is seen more commonly in women.1 Rheumatoid arthritis usually affects adults between the ages 30 and 50 years. If left untreated, individuals may become unable to perform any work within about 3 years from the diagnosis.2
Causes
The exact cause of rheumatoid arthritis, which gradually destroys the bone and the surrounding tissues of the affected joint are not known. A complex interaction between the environmental factors and hereditary
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Risk Factors
Some of the risk factors that have been associated with increased incidence of the disorder include family history of rheumatoid arthritis, female gender, middle or old age, smoking and at times, increased coffee
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Signs and Symptoms
Rheumatoid arthritis is characterised by stiffness and swelling one or multiple joints simultaneously. The affected joints are painful and the individual can perform only restricted movements. Although the disorder
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Diagnosis
The diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis is based on: the signs and symptoms noticed; family and personal history of the individual and certain laboratory investigations. The same joint of both the hands and legs (bilateral joint involvement) such as the wrists, elbows, knees or ankles are affected and are painful. Certain specialized blood tests to identify the specific factors such as rheumatoid factor and alterations in the blood cells that are associated with the disorder are generally advised. Radiographs of the affected joints are also helpful in identifying the bone loss caused due to this disorder.2
Treatment
There is no cure for rheumatoid arthritis. However, the associated symptoms and the rate of progression of the disorder can be effectively treated. Numerous treatment modalities are being advised to alleviate the signs
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Alternative Therapy
Various alternative therapies such as diet modifications, physiotherapy, spa therapies (relaxing bathing and massaging techniques), educating the affected individual about the condition and exercise have been found to have a beneficial effect. It is necessary to discuss with the doctor about these options before undergoing any of the alternative therapies. Other options such as herbal medications and acupuncture though found to be helpful have not been substantiated by many researchers. Surgery may be required in some instances wherein the symptoms are severe and the movement is highly restricted.2,4
There are no methods to prevent the occurrence of rheumatoid arthritis. However, progression of the disorder and its complications can be effectively prevented with timely diagnosis and prompt treatment.
Though tiring at times rheumatoid arthritis when effectively treated does not cause any major disability. Following the therapeutic protocols along with the suitable modifications in the lifestyle help the individual lead a normal life.
Vital Facts about How to Live Peacefully With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that results in chronic inflammation of the joints. The condition also causes inflammation of surrounding tissues of the joints or other organs of the body like knee, ankles, wrists, etc. As Read more about the living with rheumatoid arthritis...
Written by: Healthplus24 team
Date last updated: December 11,2008