What is Premenstrual Syndrome?

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) refers to the regular monthly experience of physical and emotional distress in women of reproductive age, usually several days preceding menses. The symptoms are usually noticed in women between the ages of 25 and 35 years with up to 85% of women being affected by the condition. It may either cause mild discomfort or may result in severe symptoms that may affect the daily routines.¹

Causes and risk factors of premenstrual syndrome

The exact cause of PMS is not known. However, factors such as disturbances in the levels of hormones such as progesterone, estrogen and prolactin during menstruation, vitamin B₆ deficiency and hypoglycemia (decrease in blood

What are the Signs and Symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome?

Signs and symptoms of premenstrual syndrome

Premenstrual syndrome is usually characterized by a wide variety of signs and symptoms, which become prominent during the menstrual periods. Some of the numerous clinical features include fatigue, sleeplessness, 

How is Premenstrual Syndrome Diagnosed?

Diagnosis of premenstrual syndrome

The diagnosis is based on a detailed history of the symptoms observed and a careful exclusion of any underlying conditions or associated disorders. The affected woman may be asked to maintain a PMS calendar in 

What is the Treatment for Premenstrual Syndrome?

Treatment of premenstrual syndrome

What are the Complications for Premenstrual Syndrome?

The symptoms may at times become severe disturbing the woman’s regular personal, social and occupational life. It may also lead to depression.